This study was conducted to estimate the concentration of potassium bromate (KBrO3) in 21 samples of pastries and biscuits, and the absorption of samples was measured using a (Uv-Vis spectrophotometer). The results of this research showed that the amount of potassium bromate in the samples varies according to the sample, and the highest concentration was for the sample of Major Biscuits(567.5ppm). The lowest concentration was for 44 ppm mleeha cake sample. We conclude the use of an internationally banned carcinogen and prohibited by Libyan laws, as this study revealed the presence of high concentrations of it in the tested samples.
ABUBAKER A BASHIR ATRROG(12-2021)

Twenty-five authentic samples of Prunus amygdalus gum samples were collected from five different locations in northwest of Libya. Different physicochemical methods were used to characterize this type of gum samples. The mean values of the moisture ranged from 12.55 to 14.93%, ash mean values 4.03 to 4.62%, pH 3.89 to 4.40, W.H.C 52.85 to 60.0%, and O.H.C 136.2 to 156.3%. Solubility of Prunus amygdalus gum showed that it had low solubility in distilled water with the mean values ranged from 20.01 to 35.40%, but it dissolved perfectly in alkali media where solubility increased to 96.3% in 0.05 M Na2CO3. The study exhibited that the mean values of cationic concentration in %(w/w) such as calcium was ranged from 0.552 to 0.585, potassium 0.402 to 0.505, iron 0.0975 to 0.1125, and sodium 0.064 to 0.079, which indicates that Ca has the highest concentration of metallic ions present. Atomic absorption method indicate that all samples contain traces of elements, Li, Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn, Pb, Hg, and Cd. The main functional groups recorded from FTIR spectrum included bands at 3293 cm-1 (O-H in carboxylic group), 1601.77 cm-1 (C=O, amide N-H bend, and C=C), 1357.53 cm-1 (CH3-, and C-O-H in- plane bending vibration), and 1025.74 cm-1 (C-O stretching). arabic 16 English 99
Aborawi M. Elgornazi, M.H. Awad, Nouri M.A. Soleiman(2-2021)

The thermovoltaic detection (TVD) technique is based on measurement of the EMF generated by two dissimilar metal electrodes in contact with the specimen. This technique has recently been applied when investigating different types of materials involving thermal decomposition reactions which have more normally been studied by conventional thermal analysis techniques, such as DTA, TG, etc. This paper reports the application of the combined TVD and DTA techniques for thermal characterization of materials. The Harrop DTA system has been modified such that measurements by the two techniques can be made simultaneously in the same environment. Data have been obtained on different types of materials, e.g., NiSO,.6H,O and CoSO,.7H,O, etc., at a programmed heating rate of 10” C rnin- ‘. Results obtained by these techniques are discussed and compared with the corresponding values in the literature.
Ragiab Ali Mokhtar(5-1990)